Mahjong

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Mahjong Solitaire game

Mahjong Solitaire game

Mahjong Solitaire, also known as "Shanghai Solitaire" and simply Mahjong, is a single-player computer game in which the goal is to dismantle a tile formation by removing matching pairs. Today, solitaire Mahjong is more popular than its ancient predecessor – in Asia, Mahjong refers to a gambling game for four players. The only connection to the computer version is the tile images, although these are often replaced with random symbols.

The game enhances observation skills, patience, perseverance, strategic thinking, and the ability to plan moves several steps ahead.

Game history

The game Mah-Jongg was developed in 1981 by American programmer Brodie Lockard within the PLATO electronic learning system. Lockard stated that he merely modified a Chinese children's game called "Turtle" (拆牌龜).

In 1986, Activision hired Lockard and released the game Shanghai for IBM personal computers, Amiga Computer, Macintosh, Atari ST, and Apple IIGS.

Since then, many computer versions of the game have emerged. The Macintosh version was created by Brodie Lockard, while the Apple IIGS version was ported from Macintosh by Ivan Manley and producer Brad Fregger. In total, about 10 million copies were sold, and the game was adapted to numerous platforms.

The game was also included in the Microsoft Entertainment Pack for Windows 3.x in 1990 under the name Taipe. Later, it was featured in the Best of Windows Entertainment package. Premium editions of Windows Vista and Windows 7 included a version called Mahjong Titans.

Try playing Mahjong once, and you'll never want to stop!

How to play Mahjong Solitaire

How to play Mahjong Solitaire

The standard version of Mahjong consists of a large "pyramid" or "turtle" made up of five layers. The top layer has a single tile, and as you go down, the number of tiles increases.

The goal of the game is to clear the entire structure. To do this, each tile must be matched with a pair that has the same image.

Modern versions of Mahjong are so diverse that you will constantly encounter different layouts. The number of layers may also vary, which affects the difficulty level.

Game rules

The game consists of 144 tiles, divided into three categories: basic, honor, and additional.

Basic:

  • Three "suits" – circles, bamboo, and characters, numbered from 1 to 9, with 4 of each type. Each tile has an Arabic numeral in the corner.

Honor:

  • Four winds – east, south, west, and north, with 4 tiles of each.
  • Three dragons – red, green, and white, with 4 tiles of each.

Additional:

  • Flowers – 4 tiles with images of different flowers.
  • Seasons – 4 tiles depicting autumn, spring, summer, and winter.

The tiles are shuffled randomly and stacked face-up into a multi-layered structure.

There are several classic layouts, the most well-known being the "pyramid" or "turtle." This five-layer arrangement (87-36-16-4-1 tiles) is built so that each new layer is centered on the previous one.

The goal of the game is to completely dismantle the structure. Each move requires removing two identical, unblocked tiles, meaning they must not be covered by other tiles and must have a free left or right side. Identical tiles include circles, bamboo, and characters of the same suit and rank, as well as matching dragons and winds. All four flower tiles are considered the same, as are the season tiles.

You win when all tile pairs are removed from the board. The game is lost if no open pairs remain. Not every game can be won – some layouts have no solutions.

Game tips

Many players start playing Mahjong without a clear strategy, which is a big mistake. To play effectively, follow these useful tips:

  • Start with the top layers and work your way down. Remove tiles from the lower layers only if there are no other possible moves. If possible, remove all four identical tiles immediately. Try to clear tall stacks and side tiles first to unlock more tiles.
  • Analyze the layout before you start playing. A tile that is isolated and does not block other moves should be left until there are no other options.

These strategies apply to all Mahjong layouts. However, the more complex the setup, the more important it is to avoid mistakes.

Now you know more about the game, its rules, and its history. Play Mahjong online, enjoy it, and improve your patience and attention. Have fun!